Questions for Creation and the Future - Dialogue between Science and Religion

- Introduction: The intersection of science and religion
Introduction: The intersection of science and religion
Science and religion - these are two realms of seemingly different natures and never intersect. Science focuses on the exploration of objective facts, and religions focusing on the inner world and spirituality of humans. That approach appears to be very different. But what would we think if long-standing religions already contained deep insights comparable to or surpassing the cutting edge of modern science?
While science pursues truth based on reproducible experiments and objective evidence, religion is based on faith, intuition, and wisdom gained through generations of experience.
If these two seemingly incompatible, surprisingly intersect in the realm of profound phenomena that are considered difficult to understand, pointing to a common truth, what message does it convey to us?
This time, we will focus on the cutting edge field of quantum mechanics, which revolutionized physics from the 20th century onwards. This field describes the behavior of the "micro world" of atoms and elementary particles, and exhibits a strange and counterintuitive nature that is very different from the laws of physical worlds we experience on a daily basis.
For example, theories derived from phenomena such as "quantum entanglement" and "superposition" fundamentally overturn our common sense understanding and have a peculiarity that cannot be captured by traditional linguistic systems.
The "overlay" in which particles do not have a specific position or state and multiple possibilities can exist simultaneously, and the "quantum entanglement" in which particles from far away instantly influence each other are phenomena that are unthinkable in classical physics.
On the other hand, Buddhism has been telling about unique ideas such as "lucky" and "sky" for over 2,500 years. "Affair" is the idea that all beings are made up of interdependence with other beings, and nothing exists independently.
And "Sky" suggests that any phenomenon or being does not have a fixed essence. It has been pointed out that these teachings resonate at a surprisingly deep level with the worldview of quantum mechanics, in which individual elements are intertwined and do not have independent substances.
Chapter 1: The Science Giants Challenge the Mysteries of Quantum Mechanics
The singularity of quantum mechanics was so confusing even its founders. "If you think you understand quantum mechanics, that's proof that you don't," said Richard Feynman, a Nobel Prize in Physics. This word simply describes the fundamental intricacies of quantum mechanics. Quantum mechanics, which has developed since Max Planck's proposal of quantum hypothesis, followed by Einstein's quantum light hypothesis, and Niels Bohr's construction of atomic models, has captivated and at the same time deeply troubled many genius physicists.
1-1. Einstein and Bohr-Probabilistic Interpretation
Albert Einstein challenged the probabilistic interpretation of quantum mechanics throughout his life, leaving behind the famous saying, "God does not roll the dice." He believed that behind quantum behavior there were deterministic laws that we still could not understand. Meanwhile, Niels Bohr proposed the "Copenhagen interpretation" that quantum states can only be determined through observation, and he fought a fierce debate with Einstein.
Bohr argued that in the quantum world, observers and the object observed are inseparable, and that the very act of observation shapes reality. After numerous thought experiments and experimental tests, Bohr's way of thinking gained much support, and Einstein's classic realist stance was consequently rejected.
1-2. Bohr's Tai Chi Diagram and Inspiration from Oriental Philosophy
Interestingly, Bohr's family crest uses the "Tae Chi Diagram" in which yin and yang embrace each other in a circle. This comes from the ancient Chinese philosophy of Yi, and represents the concept that two opposing elements are mutually dependent and create harmony.
It is entirely possible that Bohr was inspired by this idea of Eastern philosophy in capturing the essence of quantum mechanics. The ideas symbolized by the Tai Chi Diagram may have provided important suggestions for Bohr in understanding the duality and complementarity at the heart of quantum mechanics, such as the vibrational nature and particle nature of particles in the micro world, or the interaction between observers and observing objects.
Chapter 2 - The incredible reality shown by quantum mechanics
The concepts of "quantum entanglement" and "superposition" at the heart of quantum mechanics are far from our everyday senses and intuition. These phenomena show that the reality of the micro-world has a fundamentally strange nature that is completely different from the macro-world laws we are used to.
2-1. Quantum entanglement and instant connection
"Quantum entanglement" refers to the phenomenon in which two or more particles become deeply connected to each other through their generation processes and interactions. This strange bond is never lost no matter how far the particles are. When you measure the state of one particle, at that moment, the state of the other particle is also determined. It appears as if information is being transmitted beyond even the constraints of the speed of light. This phenomenon is known for what Einstein called "a creepy remote effect."
For example, let's say Mr. A in Fukuoka and Mr. B in Hokkaido are in quantum entangled. From a quantum mechanics perspective, the genders of A and B are not confirmed until they are observed. However, as a result of observing Mr. A, it was confirmed that he was a man, and at the same time that Mr. B was a woman. It's as if two particles were telepathically communicating. The key is that this instantaneous correlation cannot be explained in classical physics.
2-2. Overlay and coexistence of multiple possibilities
"Supposition" is the principle that a single quantum system can have multiple different states at the same time. The most famous example is the thought experiment proposed by Erwin Schrödinger, "Schrodinger's Cat."
Suppose you put a device and a cat that releases poison gas with a 50% chance of being in the box. It is believed that cats exist in a superimposed state of "living" and "dead" states until they are opened and observed. The act of observation disintegrates this overlapping state, confirming the life and death of the cat.
This thought experiment shows concepts that are difficult to understand with everyday sensations. In our macro world, objects always have a single, distinct state. However, in the micro-quantum world, multiple possibilities exist simultaneously, and observations make one of them a reality.
Chapter 3 - Buddhism's "lucky" and quantum mechanics: Amazing resonance
The idea of "lucky" that forms the basis of Buddhism is the idea that all phenomena and existence do not exist through their own internal forces, but arise in relation to various other factors and conditions. This shows a worldview in which individual beings are interdependent rather than isolated.
This idea of interdependence aligns surprisingly well with the interactions and relationships of the micro-world revealed by quantum mechanics. Instant correlations between distant particles, such as those seen in quantum entanglements, remind us of the deep, invisible connections suggested by the idea of "lucky."
3-1. The idea of the sky and the uncertainty of quantum
Furthermore, "Sky," an important concept in Buddhist philosophy, means that any phenomenon or being does not have a fixed essence or substance. This can be seen in the form of a аналогия, as the nature of the particle state in quantum mechanics that is not determined until it is observed and can only be described stochastically. According to the thought of the Chinese thought that Nagarjuna (Ryuju) preached, all beings are empty and have a fixed self-confidence. This can be said to resonate deeply with the intrinsic uncertainty of particles and the idea that observations show that state changes.
Chapter 4: Does consciousness create the universe?
Some interpretations of quantum mechanics suggest that observers' consciousness may affect the way reality is. John Wheeler, one of the leading physicists of the 20th century, said, "Observers are not merely bystanders of the universe, they are participants who create the universe." This phrase suggests that our consciousness may not merely recognize an objectively existing reality, but also play an active role in shaping that reality.
4-1. Conformity with Buddhism's "all-mindedness"
This idea is surprisingly consistent with the ancient teachings of Buddhism, which "every phenomena are created by the mind."
Buddhism teaches us that the way our minds are is a major influence on our perceptions and experiences of reality. It is believed that feelings such as happiness and unhappiness are more dependent on how they are aware of and interpreted, rather than the objective event itself.
Quantum mechanics and Buddhist perspectives can be said to be deeply connected, despite taking different approaches, in that consciousness plays an important role in the creation of reality.
Summary: A new horizon opens up by dialogue between science and religion
Science and religion have long been considered conflicting, but the strange congruence of quantum mechanics and teaching in Buddhism provides a new perspective for us to understand the world. While each field has taken a different path, it may have reached an astonishing intersection as it moves towards a common goal of exploring fundamental truth.
This fact raises a re-question to each of us about the raison d'etre and happiness of human existence. "Our consciousness creates the future."
If so, then perhaps it implies the immeasurable possibilities and responsibility given to us.
In this mysterious reality, how should we utilize our own consciousness and what kind of future should we create? The dialogue between science and religion will provide deep insight into the question.